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This document presents the estimated incidence of bloodstream infections (BSI) with three key antibiotic-resistant bacteria, at country level in EU/EEA countries, using public data sources.

The results presented in this report are based on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data from invasive isolates reported to the Central Asian and European surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (CAESAR) network and the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net) in 2022 (data referring to 2021).

This report provides an overview of the main findings of the 2020–2021 harmonised AMR monitoring in Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli in humans and food-producing animals and relevant meat thereof.

The overall aim of the protocol is to support the implementation of a PPS of HAIs and antimicrobial use in European long-term care facilities, to meet the abovementioned objectives for ECDC surveillance.

In 2016–2017, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) organised the third point prevalence survey (PPS) of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial use in European long-term care facilities (LTCFs) or HALT-3.

The laboratories participating in the QA21 EQA scheme for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of N. gonorrhoeae showed good levels of competency and capability in recovering and testing strains of unknown phenotype.

For 2021, 29 countries (27 European Union (EU) Member States and two European Economic Area (EEA) countries – Iceland and Norway) reported data on antimicrobial consumption.

Twenty-nine European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries reported cases of pathogens with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net) for 2021, based on data for invasive bacterial isolates (i.e. retrieved from blood or cerebrospinal fluid).

The results presented in this executive summary are based on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data from invasive isolates reported to the Central Asian and European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (CAESAR) network and the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net) in 2022 (data referring to 2021).

This report aims to provide updated estimates of the burden of infections with selected bacterium–antibiotic resistance combinations in the EU/EEA in 2016-2020 and assess how this burden has changed from previous estimates.