PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY IN UKRAINE

The article identifies major problems of the development of the automotive industry in Ukraine in 2010-2015, such as: catastrophic decrease of the production volume of cars, trucks and buses; reduction of the production capacity of automotive industry enterprises; loss of the competitiveness of the domestic automakers on the national automobiles market; increase of the dependence of automakers from borrowed funds; prevailing unprofitability of automakers and bankruptcy of some of them. Nowadays the only way to preserve the Ukrainian automotive industry is an active state protectionism of the development of the automotive industry as a strategically important sector of the national economy.


Introduction
Automotive industry is the important part of the mechanical engineering in Ukraine.According to the «Concept of the state target economic program of the passenger car industry development for the period until 2020» «…vehicle production in Ukraine provides the high level of the added value (over 70 percent), generates the demand for goods and services of the related industries enterprises (production of metal, plastics, car windows, chemicals, etc.) and promotes the research activity.Creation of one workplace in enterprises of the automotive industry entails the creation of six workplaces in the related industries» (Concept of the state target economic program of the passenger car industry development for the period until 2020).
As the important part of the industry of Ukraine, the automotive industry is very sensitive to changes in the national economy development.According to the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine (Industrial production indices by activity for 2010-2012; Industrial production indices by activity for [2013][2014][2015] the growth or reduction of the automotive production index occurred predominantly faster then the growth or reduction of the mechanical engineering production index and the industrial production index.
Based on the above referred data, the purpose of the article is detection of the problems and prospects of development of the automotive industry in Ukraine.
The research methodology is method of analysis and synthesis, systematic approach, methods of the economic analysis.

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The information base of research is the statistical data the Ukrainian motor vehicle manufacturers association «UkrAvtoprom» and Agency for infrastructure development of the stock market in Ukraine «SMIDA».Retrospective research period is 2010-2015 years.

Analysis of the trends and patterns of development of the automotive industry in Ukraine
Nowadays the automotive industry in Ukraine is represented by the limited number of producers.
Detailed description of the leading automakers in Ukraine is represented in Table 1.The dynamics of the production volume of the cars, trucks and buses in Ukraine in 2010-2015 years are represented on Figures 1-3.
Unfortunately, now PJSC «LAZ» (Lviv bus plant) and LLC «Automobile plant «AntoRus»» are stopped the production activity (Figure 3 and Table 2)., 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 As we see currently all Ukrainian automakers have problems in the business that gets reflected in the decrease of the automobiles production.
In the analyzed period Ukrainian automakers mostly lost their competitive position in the cars and trucks market (Table 3)., 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 The data in Table 3 indicate the reorientation of the cars and trucks market in Ukraine from domestic automotive products to imported automotive products: cars  from Russia, South Korea, Japan, China, France, Germany, Czech Republic and USA; trucks  from Russia, Germany, Italy, France, USA, Belarus, China and South Korea.
This situation is caused by the internal problems in the economic activity of these enterprises.
In the Table 4 the main results of the comprehensive economic diagnosis (which includes the number of the key indicators such as the coefficient of depreciation of the capital assets, the assets turnover ratio, the coefficient of the equity capital, the financial stability ratio, the coefficient of independence from the borrowed funds, the absolute liquidity ratio, the operating profitability) of the leading automotive companies in Ukraine are presented.

Conclusions and suggestions
According to research results the authors identify major problems of development of the automotive industry in Ukraine in 2010-2015, such as: catastrophic decrease of the production volume of cars, trucks and buses; reduction of the production capacity of automotive industry enterprises; loss of the competitiveness of the domestic automakers on the national automobiles market; increase of the dependence of automakers from borrowed funds; prevailing unprofitability of automakers and bankruptcy of some of them.
The discovered peculiarities indicate the urgent need for state regulation of development of the automotive industry in Ukraine.
Currently the state regulation of development of the automotive industry and the automobiles market is carried out through the application of the macro-economic approach.In view of this it is expedient to implement a partial decentralization of the state regulation of the automotive industry development.
This means the implementation of the regional and microeconomic approaches to the state regulation of the development of the automotive industry in Ukraine.
Thus the prospect of further research is the creation of the effective mechanism for state regulation of development of the automotive industry in Ukraine, which will provide solving the identified problems.

Table 1 Description of the leading automakers in Ukraine*
the only enterprise in Ukraine, which has the complete cycle of passenger cars' production, including stamping, welding, painting, trimming the bodies and assembling the vehicles.The production is oriented mainly on the consumers of class C cars.Fruitful cooperation: Adam Opel, Daimler AG, GM DAT, VAZ, ТАТА, Сhery, КІА.JSC "ZAZ" is included into "UkrAVTO" group of companies (JSC «ZAZ».About company) Different from the automobile assembling enterprise by the presence of such types of production  forging and pressing, welding, coloring, assembling (PAT «Chasivoyars`ki avtobusy`».The history of "Ruta" models) Produces urban, suburban and tourist buses, trolleybuses.The main products are the small class buses  «Dolphin», Chaz and Baz.Member of Etalon Corporation (PJSC «Chernihiv autoplant».Official web-portal of Chernihiv city council) JSC «Cherkassy bus» Cherkassy city Ataman Assignee of Cherkassy automobile repair plant.In 1999 the plant started the production of the city buses.During 1999-2006 years there was a comprehensive upgrading of production: building the new painting areas, fiber plant, welding shop; the reconstruction of the production facilities; gasification; purchasing the equipment (JSC «Cherkassy bus».History) * compiled by the authors based on Official web-portal`s of JSC «ZAZ», BOGDAN Corporation, SKODA in Solomonovo, JSC PA «KrASZ», PJSC «AutoKrAZ», PJSC «BAZ», PAT «Chasivoyars`ki avtobusy`», PJSC «Chernihiv autoplant», JSC «Cherkassy bus».

Table 4 Main results of the comprehensive economic diagnosis of the leading automotive companies in Ukraine*
calculated by the authors based on Data bases of Agency for infrastructure development of the stock market in Ukraine «SMIDA»: JSC «ZAZ», BOGDAN Corporation, PrJSC «EUROCAR», PJSC «AutoKrAZ», PJSC «Chаsiv Yar buses plant», PJSC «Chernihiv autoplant», JSC «Cherkassy bus». *